Animales y productos y subproductos animales
- Document symbol
- G/LIC/N/3/ECU/4
- Original language
- Spanish
- Published on
- 13/10/2025
Outline of Systems
Q1. Give a brief description of each licensing system as a whole and, with respect to each, reply to the following questions as relevant, placing all of the material with respect to a given system in sequence together, and using cross references as appropriate when elements which have already been described are also present in another system.
Este sistema de licencia automática permite a los usuarios del sector acuicultor (personas naturales y jurídicas), solicitar la autorización para realizar la importación de productos que son sujetos de control previo específicamente de especies vivas y productos para acuacultura.
Purposes and Coverage of Licensing
Q2. Identify each licensing system maintained and state what products, appropriately grouped, are covered.
Este sistema de licencia garantiza el control de las importaciones de los productos acuícolas y de insumos para la acuacultura, asegurando la calidad e inocuidad de los productos que ingresan al país.
El sistema está dirigido a: Productores acuícolas, empresas acuícolas, organizaciones sociales, comunas, asociaciones y cooperativas.
Las partidas objeto de esta licencia se encuentran detalladas en el documento adjunto.
Q3. The system applies to goods originating in and coming from which countries?
El sistema abarca todos los productos clasificados en las sub partidas arancelarias detalladas en la pregunta anterior, independientemente del país de origen.
Q4. Is the licensing intended to restrict the quantity or value of imports, and if not, what are its purposes? Have alternative methods of accomplishing the purposes been considered and if so which? Why have they not been adopted?
Este trámite no restringe la cantidad o el valor de las importaciones, y sirve para garantizar la calidad e inocuidad de los productos que ingresan al país conforme a las normativas nacionales.
Q5. Cite the law, regulation and/or administrative order under which the licensing is maintained. Is the licensing statutorily required? Does the legislation leave designation of products to be subjected to licensing to administrative discretion? Is it possible for the government (or the executive branch) to abolish the system without legislative approval?
Este trámite se fundamenta en la Ley Orgánica para el Desarrollo De La Acuicultura y Pesca y el Reglamento General a la Ley Orgánica para el Desarrollo de la Acuicultura y Pesca.
El trámite se denomina: “AUTORIZACIÓN DE IMPORTACION DE ESPECIES VIVAS, PRODUCTOS O INSUMOS DE Y PARA LA ACUACULTURA”
Procedures
Q6. For products under restriction as to the quantity or value of imports (whether applicable globally or to a limited number of countries or whether established bilaterally or unilaterally):
Q6.I. Is information published, and where, concerning allocation of quotas and formalities of filing applications for licences? If not, how is it brought to the attention of possible importers? Of governments and export promotion bodies of exporting countries and their trade representatives? Is the overall amount published? The amount allocated to goods from each country? The maximum amount allocated to each importer? How to request any exceptions or derogations from the licensing requirement?
Q6.II. How is the size of the quotas determined: on a yearly, six-monthly or quarterly basis? Are there cases where the size of quota is determined on a yearly basis but licences are issued for imports on a six-monthly or quarterly basis? In the latter case, is it necessary for importers to apply for fresh licence on a six-monthly or quarterly basis?
Q6.III. Are licences allotted for certain goods partly or only to domestic producers of like goods? What steps are taken to ensure that licences allocated are actually used for imports? Are unused allocations added to quotas for a succeeding period? Are the names of importers to whom licences have been allocated made known to governments and export promotion bodies of exporting countries upon request? If not, for what reason? (Indicate products to which replies relate.)
Q6.IV. From the time of announcing the opening of quotas, as indicated in I above, what is the period of time allowed for the submission of applications for licences?
Q6.V. What are the minimum and maximum lengths of time for processing applications?
Q6.VI. How much time remains, at a minimum, between the granting of licences and the date of opening of the period of importation?
Q6.VII. Is consideration of licence applications effected by a single administrative organ? Or must the application be passed on to other organs for visa, note or approval? If so, which? Does the importer have to approach more than one administrative organ?
Q6.VIII. If the demand for licences cannot be fully satisfied, on what basis is the allocation to applicants made? First come, first served? Past performance? Is there a maximum amount to be allocated per applicant and, if so, on what basis is it determined? What provision is made for new importers? Are applications examined simultaneously or on receipt?
Q6.IX. In the case of bilateral quotas or export restraint arrangements where export permits are issued by exporting countries, are import licences also required? If so, are licences issued automatically?
Q6.X. In cases where imports are allowed on the basis of export permits only, how is the importing country informed of the effect given by the exporting countries to the understanding between the two countries?
Q6.XI. Are there products for which licences are issued on condition that goods should be exported and not sold in the domestic market?
Q7. Where there is no quantitative limit on importation of a product or on imports from a particular country:
A partir de la siguiente pregunta se explora con mayor profundidad
Q7.a. How far in advance of importation must application for a licence be made? Can licences be obtained within a shorter time-limit or for goods arriving at the port without a licence (for example, owing to inadvertency)?
La solicitud de la licencia de importación debe presentarse con antelación a la fecha de embarque de las mercancías, a fin de garantizar el cumplimiento de los plazos establecidos en la normativa vigente. No obstante, en casos excepcionales y debidamente justificados, se podrá solicitar la licencia una vez embarcada la mercancía o incluso a su llegada al puerto de destino.
Q7.b. Can a licence be granted immediately on request?
De conformidad con lo establecido en la legislación aplicable, si es posible la extensión de las licencias por un periodo adicional de igual duración.
Q7.c. Are there any limitations as to the period of the year during which application for licence and/or importation may be made? If so, explain.
No es aplicable, dado que la presentación de solicitudes puede darse en cualquier momento del año.
La solicitud de licencias se encuentra disponible de manera electrónica la Ventanilla Única Ecuatoriana (VUE) las 24 horas del día, los 7 días de la semana, los 365 días del año.
Q7.d. Is consideration of licence applications effected by a single administrative organ? Or must the application be passed on to other organs for visa, note or approval? If so, which? Does the importer have to approach more than one administrative organ?
El órgano administrativo encargado de examinar las solicitudes de licencias es el Ministerio de Agricultura, Ganadería y Pesca, a través de la Subsecretaría de Acuacultura.
Q8. Under what circumstances may an application for a licence be refused other than failure to meet the ordinary criteria? Are the reasons for any refusal given to the applicant? Have applicants a right of appeal in the event of refusal to issue a licence and, if so, to what bodies and under what procedures?
Las solicitudes de licencias podrán ser rechazadas en caso de no cumplir con los requisitos establecidos. En tal situación, el solicitante será notificado a través del sistema VUE, detallándose los aspectos a subsanar. Asimismo, se le informará sobre su derecho a interponer el recurso correspondiente contra dicha resolución ante el Viceministerio de Acuacultura y Pesca.
Se puede rechazar una solicitud de licencias cuando no cumplan con los requisitos exigidos y se notifica a través del sistema VUE para su respectiva subsanación. Contra dicha resolución, el interesado podrá interponer el recurso correspondiente.
Eligibility of Importers to Apply for Licence
Q9. Are all persons, firms and institutions eligible to apply for licences: (If not, is there a system of registration of persons or firms permitted to engage in importation? What persons or firms are eligible? Is there a registration fee? Is there a published list of authorized importers?) a) under restrictive licensing systems? b) under non-restrictive systems?
Todas las personas naturales o jurídicas están en la capacidad de solicitar una licencia de importación, siempre y cuando su proceso cumpla con todos los requisitos establecidos por la autoridad competente.
Documentational and Other Requirements for Application for Licence
Q10. What information is required in applications? Submit a sample form. What documents is the importer required to supply with the application?
Las instrucciones detalladas sobre cómo llenar la solicitud de autorización de importación de especies vivas, productos o insumos acuícolas, se encuentran en el Manual de Usuario 139-006-REQ: https://www.aduana.gob.ec/archivos/Boletines/2014/Instructivo%20Formulario%20139-006.pdf
Si es persona jurídica adjuntar nombramiento de representante legal, certificado de constitución y registro de la compañía. Si es persona natural presentar cédula de identidad y certificado de votación (actualizado).
Q11. What documents are required upon actual importation?
Se detalla a continuación el conjunto de documentos para la formalización de cada trámite de licencia de importación:
*Factura comercial.
*Certificado de Origen del producto.
*Certificado Sanitario de la autoridad competente del país de origen. En el certificado deberá constar que el producto a importarse, corresponde al producto muestreado para la emisión de dicho certificado.
*Memoria técnica del producto a ser importado. Para el caso de importación de cistos de artemia o biomasa de artemia, se deberá presentar certificado de análisis de metales pesados (plomo, cadmio y mercurio), análisis que deberá ser realizado en un laboratorio acreditado por el país de origen.
*Certificado de Patología de un laboratorio acreditado por la OIE, de los siguientes patógenos: a) WSSV White spot syndrome virus, b) TSV Taura syndrome virus, c) YHV Yellow head virus, d) PvNV Penaeus vannamei Nodavirus, e) IHHNV Infectious Hypodermal and Hematopoietic Necrosis Virus, f) NHP-B Necrotizing Hepatopancreatitis Bacteria, g) IMNV Infectious Myonecrosis Virus, h) MrNV Macrobrachium rosembergii Nodavirus, i) Necrosis Hepatopancreática Aguda (AHPND/EMS) y, j) Microsporidio (EHP).
*La autoridad se reserva el derecho de solicitar alguna otra información que considere relevante para las verificaciones respectivas.
Q12. Is there any licensing fee or administrative charge? If so, what is the amount of the fee or charge?
No aplica al no existir derechos de licencia ni cargas administrativas asociadas.
Q13. Is there any deposit or advance payment requirement associated with the issue of licences? If so, state the amount or rate, whether it is refundable, the period of retention and the purpose of the requirement.
No aplica, porque la expedición de la licencia no tiene costo.
Conditions of Licensing
Q14. What is the period of validity of a licence? Can the validity of a licence be extended? How?
El período de validez es de 30 días calendario, susceptible de renovación por un periodo adicional de igual duración.
Q15. Is there any penalty for the non-utilization of a licence or a portion of a licence?
No aplica porque la normativa vigente no contempla sanción alguna por la inutilización, total o parcial, de una licencia.
Q16. Are licences transferable between importers? If so, are any limitations or conditions attached to such transfer?
No aplica, dado que la licencia otorgada es estrictamente personal e intransferible, siendo el importador el único responsable de la utilización y control de los productos objeto de la misma.
Q17. Are any other conditions attached to the issue of a licence? a) for products subject to quantitative restriction? b) for products not subject to quantitative restriction?
No aplica, puesto que la expedición de la licencia no se encuentra condicionada al cumplimiento de requisitos adicionales.
Other Procedural Requirements
Q18. Are there any other administrative procedures, apart from import licensing and similar administrative procedures, required prior to importation?
El trámite de licencia de importación es el único requisito administrativo previo exigido para la introducción legal de mercancías al país, no siendo necesario el cumplimiento de otros procedimientos administrativos previos.
Q19. Is foreign exchange automatically provided by the banking authorities for goods to be imported? Is a licence required as a condition to obtaining foreign exchange? Is foreign exchange always available to cover licences issued? What formalities must be fulfilled for obtaining the foreign exchange?
No aplica